"The History of the Jews in the Netherlands / J.C.H. Blom, R.G. Fuks-Mansfeld, I. Schöffer. – Oxford, 2002. – p. 307, 308 Digitaal Joods Monument, www.joodsmonument.nl" . "In 1940-12 the various Jewish congregations and other Jewish bodies founded a steering committee, the Joodse Coördinatie Commissie, an umbrella network of Jewish organizations. The JCC was formed to coordinate the Jewish community throughout the difficulties. Chairman of the JCC was L.E. Visser, Esq. The commission offered legal and tax-related advice, organized cultural activities and provided financial assistance as needed. The JCC refused to deal directly with the Nazis, arguing that such contact should be mediated by the Dutch government. The Joodse Raad (Jewish Council), which did maintain direct contact with the Nazis, was designated as the sole institution representing the Jews as soon as it was formed. The Germans refused to recognize any Jewish body other than the Joodse Raad, and in 1941-10 ordered the JCC to cease all activities."@eng . "Joodse Coördinatie Commissie"@eng . .