Towarzystwo Ochrony Zdrowia Ludności Żydowskiej w Polsce
Towarzystwo Ochrony Zdrowia Ludności Żydowskiej w Polsce was founded in 1922, its main activity before the war was preventive health care for the Jewish masses, efforts to improve hygienic and sanitary conditions, education, and preventive medicine. Above all it combated typhus, tuberculosis, and infectious children’s diseases. TOZ had more than 400 medical centers and sanitary clinics. After a hiatus, it restarted its activities in 1946, but in 1950 its medical centers were nationalized, its property was confiscated, and the organization was closed down.
The Warsaw ghetto: a guide to the perished city / B. Engelking, J. Leociak. – New Haven, 2009. – p. 840