us-005578-irn709084-irn710370
biographical history: Friedrich Haas (1926-2019) was born in Cernauti, Romania (also known as Chernowitz, now Chernivtsi, Ukraine), to Bernard Dov (or Bernhard, 1892-1943) and Lotte (or Lotti, nee Heimer, 1905-?) Haas. Friedrich had three brothers, Norbert (1923-1944), Ignatz (or Yitzchak, b. 1924), and Adolph (b. 1927). Bernard was an accountant, and Lotte was a homemaker. Cernauti was part of the Austria-Hungary before World War I. Life for Jews in the city was difficult during the war; the city was occupied by the Russians, then taken back by Austria Hungary. After the war, Cernauti was incorporated into Romania and a civil government was established, which improved the Jews’ situation. In 1939, Cernauti had a Jewish population of nearly fifty thousand, representing over a third of the city’s total population. Jews held significant positions in the town’s economic and social life. Some served as vice mayors, while others were in associations of independent professionals and in the Chamber of Industry and Commerce. On June 28, 1940, the Soviet Union forced Romania to cede a large portion of its northern and northeastern territory, including Bessarabia and northern Bukovina. Cernauti was included in this annexed territory, and as a result, Friedrich and his family were now under Soviet rule. Under the new Communist regime, approximately three thousand Jewish business owners, intellectuals, and those considered “capitalists” or “undesirable” were deported to Siberia. During this time, Romania was forced to cede additional territory to Bulgaria and Hungary. After the loss of territory, a new radical right-wing government led by General Ion Antonescu and the Iron Guard took power in Romania and joined the Axis Alliance. In June 1941, as part of the German invasion of the Soviet Union, Romanian and German forces attacked Cernauti. Friedrich’s brother, Norbert, who had joined a communist youth group the year prior, fled the city with the Soviet forces. Cernauti was occupied on July 5, and th…
title: Friedrich Haas identification card
scope and content: Identification card issued to Friedrich Haas (Fredi Haas) by the Guvernamàntul Transnistriei Directia Industriei Turnatoria din Moghilev, dated September 10, 1943 (Legitimatie No. 732). Friedrich was living in Cernauti, (now, Chernivtsi, Ukraine) with his parents, Bernard and Lotte, and his three brothers, Norbert, Ignatz, and Adolph when it was ceded by Romania to the Soviet Union in 1940. In June 1941, Romanian and German forces occupied the city as part of the larger invasion of the Soviet Union. Norbert fled the city with the Soviet forces. Friedrich and his family were forced to abandon their home and relocate to the recently established ghetto. Soon after they were deported to Transnistria, and then sent to a ghetto in Moghilev. Bernard contracted typhus and died in 1943. Ignatz and Friedrich worked as forced laborers in the Jagendorf Foundry, which provided them with a meal a day and some protection from the authorities for their family. Soviet forces liberated Moghilev on March 20, 1944. Ignatz and Friedrich each returned to Romania independently, and their mother and Adolph followed later. Norbert was killed in combat as a Soviet army paratrooper in 1944. After the war ended, the family went to Austria. All three brothers worked as guides, leading Holocaust survivors from Innsbruck to Italy for the Bricha so they could immigrate to Israel as part of the Aliya Bet. In 1948, the family immigrated to Israel, and in 1961, Friedrich came to the United States. The collection also includes a lighter made by Friedrich Haas while he was a forced laborer in the Jagendorf Foundry in Moghilev (now Mohyliv-Podil’s’kyi Ukraine), an area located in Romanian-controlled Transnistria, from 1941 to 1944.
identifier: irn710370
has or had identifier: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/units/us-005578-irn709084-irn710370/alternateIDs/1
has record set type: Item
has or had holder: us-005578
is or was included in: us-005578-irn709084
type: RecordSet
date: 1943 September 10
has or had some members with language: ron
results or resulted from: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/units/us-005578-irn709084-irn710370/acquisitions/1
archival history: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
record resource extent: folder 1
has or had subject: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/vocabularies/ehri-terms/556