boxes book enclosure oversize folder 2 1 1
Ruth Kahn (1923-2015, later Ruth Marx) was born on 8 July 1923 to cattle dealer Leo Louis (1884-1942) and Elfriede (1889-1942) Kahn in Sulzburg, Germany. She had two sisters, Marga (b. 1927, later Marga Birnbaum) and Paula (b. 1924, later Paula Finkelstein), and one brother, Sally or Solly Josef (b. 1929, later Bezalel). The Kahns were Orthodox Jews and Leo was a veteran of World War I. As anti-Semitism increased in Sulzburg, the Kahns began to search for ways to emigrate. In 1936, Paula left Sulzburg to stay with Leo’s sister in New York. In 1937, Leo lost his commercial license and was forced to sell his house. In early 1938 they applied for visas to Switzerland, but were not successful in obtaining them. During Kristallnacht, the family apartment was ransacked, and Leo was arrested and briefly sent to Dachau concentration camp. Ruth went to Flehingen and babysat for a cantor and his wife for a short while. In January 1939, Ruth, Sally, and their cousin Hermina were put on a Kindertransport to Switzerland. Ruth and Sally were separated. She went to a children’s home in Heiden, Switzerland and he went to Basel where he lived with a Jewish family. In 1940. Leo, Elfriede, and Marga were deported to internment camps in southern France at Rivesaltes, Gurs and Les Milles. In 1942, Marga was hidden in several locations including Chateau du Couret, Haute-Vienne Chateau de Couret, and Chateau du Couret Maison. She arrived in Switzerland in May 1943. In August, 1942, Leo and Elfriede were sent to the Drancy internment camp in Paris and then deported to Auschwitz concentration camp where they were killed. Ruth and Marga immigrated to the United States from Switzerland in 1946 aboard the SS Minot Victory. Sally immigrated to the United States around the same time. Marga married Menashe Birnbaum (b. 1923) in 1951. Ruth would later marry Gunther Marx (1927-1974), son of Hugo (b. 1888) and Klara (b. 1893) Marx, who also fled Germany in the 1940s.
Copyright Holder: Ms. Judy Pitson
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
The collection documents the Kahn family’s experiences in Germany, France, and Switzerland during the Holocaust. The bulk of the collection consists of letters written to Ruth Kahn in Switzerland from her parents Leo and Elfriede Kahn and her sister Marga Kahn in Sulzburg, Germany and internment camps in southern France at Rivesaltes, Gurs and Les Milles. Also included is other correspondence, identification papers, restitution paperwork, immigration documentation, and a photograph album. Biographical material includes Ruth’s birth certificate, a religious school report card, and a registration document from Basel; Marga’s 1943 day planner from Switzerland; restitution paperwork; Cooperative for American Remittances to Europe, Inc. (C.A.R.E.) receipts issued to Max Kahn in Israel; a 1939 Hanukkah program from the Jewish School in Freiburg; and German identification papers belonging to Ruth’s husband Guenther Marx’s parents, Hugo and Klara Marx. Correspondence primarily consists of letters written to Ruth in Switzerland from her parents and sister Marga in Sulzburg, 1939-1940, Gurs, 1940-1941, Rivesaltes, 1941-1942, and Les Milles, 1942. The last letters received by Ruth from her parents are from early August 1942. Other correspondence includes letters from Marga to Ruth after she fled France for Switzerland in 1942, her other sister Paula in the United States, and her brother Sally. Immigration papers include an inventory of Ruth’s belongings she took with her on the 1939 Kindertransport and documents related to her time in Switzerland, Marga’s 1943 train ticket to Nimes on her way to Switzerland, and two 1942 documents to the American Consulate and German Consulate regarding emigration efforts of Hugo and Klara Marx. The photograph album includes pre-war depictions of the Kahn family, and wartime and post-war images of Ruth Kahn and her husband Gunther Marx.
Kahn family papers
The Kahn family papers are arranged as four series. Series 1: Biographical material, 1908-1969 Series 2: Correspondence of Ruth Kahn, 1939-1979 Series 3. Immigration, 1939-1945 Series 4. Photographs, 1924-1947 and undated