us-005578-irn61205-irn1088
type: RecordSet
archival history: The fork was donated to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 1989 by the Muzeum Okręgowe w Koninie.
physical characteristics and technical requirements: Corroded four-tined metal fork. The tines are long and thin with a slightly conical shape, and pointed tips. One of the outer tines is broken and missing the top two-thirds. The stem is flat and narrow, with thin raised lines running along the edges on both the front and back. The lines continue onto the fiddle pattern handle, which has a rounded end. Small patches of gold-colored plating remain on the front and back of the broken tine. There is a heavy green and brown corrosion covering the entire surface of the fork, and there is significant surface loss on the tines. The stem bends at a near 90-degree angle and then undulates until it reaches the handle. back, handle, handwritten, black ink: CHO47
conditions of access: No restrictions on access
conditions of use: No restrictions on use
date: before 1942 September
has beginning date: 1986-01-01
has end date: 1987-12-31
has or had holder: us-005578
has or had identifier: 1
has or had subject: 2029
has or had subject: 525
has record set type: Item
identifier: irn1088
is or was included in: us-005578-irn61205
record resource extent: overall: Height: 2.750 inches (6.985 cm) | Width: 0.875 inches (2.223 cm) | Depth: 4.000 inches (10.16 cm)
results or resulted from: 1
scope and content: Metal fork, likely recovered from a temporary pit furnace at Chelmno killing center in German-occupied Poland, during an archaeological excavation in 1986 and 1987. Killing operations at Chelmno commenced on December 8, 1941. Prisoners were taken to a camp at a manor house (Schlosslager) in the village to undress and relinquish their valuables. They were then loaded into a gas van where they were killed. The van was then driven 2.5 miles northwest of the village to a camp in the Rzuchowski forest (Waldlager), where the bodies were dumped into mass graves. The large number of corpses created a threat of disease and discovery by Allied forces, so the bodies were exhumed and burned in seven primitive pit furnaces. In the fall of 1942, the furnaces were replaced with two open-air crematoria consisting of concrete foundations topped by a grate of train rails. In March 1943, transports to Chelmno stopped, and the manor house and open-air crematoria in the forest were demolished. Deportations to Chelmno resumed from June to July 1944, to facilitate the liquidation of the Łódź ghetto. In this second phase, the entire killing process was carried out in the forest camp (Waldlager), necessitating the construction of new buildings. The Germans abandoned the camp on January 17, 1945, having killed over 172,000 people. The excavations of 1986-87, and later work have identified additional furnaces, crematoria, and mass graves at the site.
title: Metal fork recovered from Chelmno killing center