@base .
@prefix geonames: .
@prefix owl: .
@prefix skos: .
@prefix schema-org: .
@prefix bio: .
@prefix conf: .
@prefix metalex: .
@prefix ocd: .
@prefix rel: .
@prefix dcterms: .
@prefix dbpprop: .
@prefix foaf: .
@prefix bbc: .
@prefix void: .
@prefix dbpedia-owl: .
@prefix dbpedia: .
@prefix frbr: .
@prefix dwc: .
@prefix claros: .
@prefix crm-owl: .
@prefix ehri: .
@prefix meta: .
@prefix bmuseum: .
@prefix ods: .
@prefix gml: .
@prefix muninn: .
@prefix xsd: .
@prefix yago: .
@prefix rdfs: .
@prefix units: .
@prefix rso: .
@prefix geo: .
@prefix oad: .
@prefix rico: .
@prefix crm120111: .
@prefix cdoc: .
@prefix bibleontology: .
@prefix prov: .
@prefix crm: .
@prefix cc: .
@prefix shoah: .
@prefix npg: .
@prefix org: .
@prefix gn: .
@prefix ibc: .
@prefix aemetonto: .
@prefix skos-xl: .
@prefix lgdo: .
@prefix rdf: .
@prefix eac-cpf: .
@prefix bibo: .
@prefix time: .
@prefix dc: .
@prefix prism21: .
@prefix po: .
a ehri:RecordSet ;
ehri:physicalCharacterisiticsAndTechnicalRequirements
"Small, black painted, cast iron, treadle sewing machine with a curved body on the right, which supports two arched, parallel arms that extend to the left, above a flat, silver-colored metal plate. The plate rests on a rectangular, metal platform, which is anchored to a thick, black-painted, rectangular, wooden base. At the top right are two v-shaped, parallel spool pins suspended above two small guide wheels on the body. At the left end is a rectangular sewing head with levers, thread guides, and a tension screw. On top of the head are two tension rods; on the bottom are a needle and an L-shaped presser foot. Along the top are several thread guides: two thin, horizontal rods, a metal loop, and small holes. At the right end is a thick wheel with a short rod, a pulley disc, and a connecting rod. On the base underside, below the needle, is a long metal hook, or thread looper. The platform opens along the front and left side. The user controls the motion and speed of the machine by pressing down on a pivoting treadle connected to a sewing machine table. This turns a large spoked wheel on the table, which is connected to a smaller spoked wheel and pulley on the machine by a treadle belt. The belt turns the pulley and shifts the connecting rod, which moves the front arm and the needle. The needle pushes the thread through the cloth where it catches on the thread looper before being pulled up again, creating a chain stitch."@en ;
rico:conditionsOfAccess "No restrictions on access"@en ;
rico:conditionsOfUse "No restrictions on use"@en ;
rico:date "approximately 1900-approximately 1939, approximately 1900-1945" ;
rico:hasOrHadHolder ;
rico:hasOrHadIdentifier ;
rico:hasOrHadSubject ;
rico:hasRecordSetType ;
rico:history "The sewing machine was acquired by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 1990."@en ;
rico:identifier "irn4099" ;
rico:isOrWasIncludedIn ;
rico:recordResourceExtent "overall: Height: 9.750 inches (24.765 cm) | Width: 11.000 inches (27.94 cm) | Depth: 5.625 inches (14.287 cm)"@en ;
rico:resultsOrResultedFrom ;
rico:scopeAndContent "Chain stitch treadle sewing machines like this were used by Jewish forced laborers in Łódź Ghetto in German occupied Poland from May 1940 to summer 1944. Łódź was occupied by Germany a week after the September 1939 invasion of Poland. It was renamed Litzmannstadt and, in February 1940, the Jewish population, about 160,000 people, was confined to a small sealed off ghetto. All residents had to work and many were forced laborers in ghetto factories. Eventually, nearly 100 factories were in operation. The major ones produced textiles, including uniforms for the German Army. Due to the severe overcrowding and scarce food, disease and starvation were common. The Judenrat [Jewish Council] administered the ghetto for the Germans. Judenrat chairman Mordechai Rumkowski thought hard work and high outputs would preserve the ghetto. But in January 1942, mass deportations to Chelmno killing center began; half the residents were murdered by the end of the year. In summer 1944, Łódź, the last ghetto in Poland, was destroyed and the remaining Jews were sent to Chelmno and Auschwitz-Birkenau killing centers."@en ;
rico:title "Chain stitch sewing machine of the type used in Łódź Ghetto"@en .