us-005578-irn593625-irn593632
type: RecordSet
archival history: The paper bag was donated to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 2017 by Joyce Cordi, the daughter of Leopold and Herta Stoer, and the niece of Hilda Schwarzbart.
biographical history: Hilda Schwarzbart (1901-1942) was born in Vienna, Austria-Hungary, to Arthur (1875-1914) and Pauline Flesch (1873-1937) Schwarzbart. Arthur was born in Terezín, Austria-Hungary, to Alexander and Rosala Schwarzbart. Arthur had five siblings. Arthur’s mother died in the late 1890s, and his father later married Josephine, who had two sons. Pauline was born in Vienna, to Abraham and Johanna Ernst Flesch. Pauline had an older sister, Hermine or Minna (later Tischler, 1869-1943), and a younger brother, Samuel or Sammy. Pauline’s mother died in 1912, and her father later remarried. He had a son before dying in 1917. In 1895, 20-year-old Arthur was corresponding with Pauline while serving in the Austro-Hungarian army in Moravia. In 1900, Arthur and Pauline married in Vienna. Hilda’s aunt Minna married, had two children, and ran a candy store. Hilda’s Uncle Sammy was wounded during World War I, and died of complications in the 1930s. After Hilda’s birth, Arthur worked briefly in Germany, while Pauline worked from home, sewing for a girdle factory. Hilda had four younger siblings: Friedrich (Fritz, 1902-1945), Gisela (Ella, 1904-1942), Herta (later Stoer, 1908-2007), and Hansi (1913-?). Pauline taught Arthur how to sew, and he began designing fancy petticoats. He would take orders from wholesalers, and then both he and Pauline would fill the orders at home. Their company grew to employ 125 additional seamstresses. Hilda’s family lived very comfortably, with a hired maid and vacations at a resort in the Alps. World War I began in August 1914, and as a member of the peacetime army, Arthur was called up immediately. In November, Arthur was shot while fighting on the Russian front. He developed a tetanus infection and died. The war prevented Pauline from buying material for the business, and she was forced to close. With inadequate resources at home, Hilda’s siblings, Herta, Ella, Hansi, and Fritz, were placed in an orphanage in early 1915. The children attended school at the orp…
physical characteristics and technical requirements: Rectangular, peach-colored paper bag with an open top and a narrow, pinch-bottom base. The sides of the bag are formed by a half-inch wide flap that is folded over onto the back and glued down. On the lower two-thirds of both the front and back are five lines of German text bearing information about a store printed in brown ink within a decorative, square border. The paper manufacturer’s information is printed on the front, in the lower right corner, just below the border. The left edge appears cut open, while the bottom edge is ragged and torn. On the back is a large tear in the center. The bag is discolored overall, and has been folded, with heavy crease lines and crumpling along the folds
conditions of access: No restrictions on access
conditions of use: No restrictions on use
date: approximately 1920-before 1939 February, 1939 February
has or had holder: us-005578
has or had identifier: 1
has or had identifier: 2
has or had some members with language: deu
has or had subject: 1976
has or had subject: 2030
has or had subject: 43
has or had subject: 2
has or had subject: 433
has record set type: Item
identifier: irn593632
is or was included in: us-005578-irn593625
record resource extent: overall: Height: 17.875 inches (45.403 cm) | Width: 11.375 inches (28.893 cm)
results or resulted from: 1
scope and content: This paper merchandise bag was made for use in the children’s clothing store that Hilda Schwarzbart ran with her mother, Pauline, in Vienna, Austria. The bag was brought to the United States by Hilda’s sister, Herta Schwarzbart Stoer, when she immigrated in February 1939. Hilda lived in Vienna with her parents, Pauline and Arthur Schwarzbart, and four siblings: Herta, Fritz, Ella, and Hansi. Arthur died from tetanus in November 1914 during his military service in World War I. As a result, Pauline had to close the lingerie business they ran together before the war, and send the younger children to an orphanage. Hilda and Pauline started their clothing store. In 1931, Hilda’s brother, Fritz, married Sara Schneider, and later they had a son. In 1932, Hansi married and moved to Palestine. In June 1937, Pauline passed away. On March 13, 1938, Austria was annexed into Germany, and Herta married Leopold Stoer later that month. Leo immigrated to the US in September 1938, followed by Herta in February 1939. Authorities forced Hilda to give up her store because she was Jewish, but she continued to sell clothing from her apartment. In July 1941, American consulates in German-occupied territory closed, preventing Hilda and Ella from acquiring immigration visas. On May 27, 1942, Hilda and Ella, were deported to Maly Trostinec concentration camp near Minsk, Belorussia (now Belarus). They were killed on June 1. Many of Hilda’s family members were also deported and killed by 1943, except for Fritz’s wife and son, who survived in hiding.
title: Paper merchandise bag from a clothing store run by Austrian Jewish women