us-005578-irn571075-irn594238
has or had some members with language: deu
has or had identifier: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/units/us-005578-irn571075-irn594238/alternateIDs/1
physical characteristics and technical requirements: Austrian banknote printed with purple ink on rectangular off white paper with a repeating oval and diamond textured design. On both sides is a thick, off center border filled with a repeating pattern of scalloped circles and geometric floral designs and a narrow, white margin. On the right, within the border is an oval shaped frame with a portrait of a woman in three quarters profile. To the left is a white square with the coat of arms of Austria, a two headed eagle with outstretched wings, holding a sword in its left talon and the Imperial Orb in its right. Hanging from the eagle’s neck is the Order of the Golden Fleece, a circular band with a dangling sheep hanging off the bottom. On the eagle’s chest, within the band, is a shield bearing the combined arms of three houses, a rearing lion beside barred vertical and diagonal stripes. Surrounding the eagle are several rows of purple text noting the denomination in multiple languages. In the top right corner and both left corners are circular frames with the numeric denomination inside. Stamped in the center of the front is a large, scalloped oval with vertically oriented German text inside. Stamped on the back, flanking the coat of arms, are two red serial numbers. The bill has a large water stain in the middle and bottom and has two perpendicular creases in the center front center, stamped, red ink : DEUTSCHÖSTERREICH [German Austria] back, center, stamped serial number, red ink : 04868 1066
conditions of access: No restrictions on access
biographical history: Erna Appenzeller (later Ernie Kent, b. 1929) was born in Vienna, Austria, to William (1883-1961) and Irma Dukes Appenzeller (1892-1985). William, the second of three boys, was born in Dolina, Austria-Hungary, to Max (Mordko) and Rische Sindler Appenzeller. William’s older brother, Samuel, moved to Vienna and established a successful ladies’ wear business. At 14, William joined Samuel and established himself as a successful businessman, importing and exporting buttons. In 1914 he was drafted into the Austro-Hungarian army and fought on the Russian Front. After the war, William returned to Vienna and continued his button business. In 1926, he married Irma Dukes. Irma, the youngest of five children, was born in the Floridsdorf district of Vienna to Gabriel and Ernestine Neuwirth Dukes. Gabriel owned a successful coal and wood business and provided his family with a comfortable life. Gabriel was president of the synagogue for many years and the Dukes were an integral part of the local Jewish community. Erna had a happy childhood and as the youngest child in her extended family, she was spoiled by her relatives. She had a younger brother, Max, who was born disabled and died as a baby. The family were conscious Jews but not overly observant, had a large apartment, and enjoyed a comfortable middle class life. Erna belonged to a gymnastics club and was close with her cousin Ernstl. On March 13, 1938 Austria was annexed into Germany, in what became known as the Anschluss. German authorities quickly created new legislation that restricted Jewish life. Jews were arrested, required to report their assets, and segregated in public places. The Appenzeller’s gentile maid could no longer work for them, and the Montessori school that Erna attended was shut down. During the Kristallnacht pogrom on November 10, Jews in the Floridsdorf district were arrested and held for 48 hours and her father’s business was taken and Aryanized. Erna and her parents hid at a friend’s house for 24 hour…
has or had some members with language: slv
has or had some members with language: hrv
date: 1919 March 12-1925, 1918 November 02
identifier: irn594238
record resource extent: overall: Height: 5.125 inches (13.018 cm) | Width: 7.500 inches (19.05 cm)
has or had some members with language: srp
has or had subject: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/vocabularies/ehri-cb/347
archival history: The bank note was donated to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 2017 by Ernie Appenzeller Kent.
conditions of use: No restrictions on use
has or had holder: us-005578
title: Austrian 10,000 Kronen banknote owned by a Viennese Jewish refugee family
has or had some members with language: ita
has or had some members with language: pol
results or resulted from: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/units/us-005578-irn571075-irn594238/acquisitions/1
is or was included in: us-005578-irn571075
has or had some members with language: ukr
scope and content: Kronen banknote owned by the Appenzeller family in Vienna, Austria before their emigration in 1939. The kronen was the official currency of the Austro-Hungarian Empire from 1892 until its dissolution in 1918. The banknotes were printed on the front in Hungarian and in German on the reverse, and the value was written out in eight additional languages. After the breakup of Austria-Hungary, the banknotes remained in circulation among the various countries, but were overstamped for use in individual countries. This kronen is printed in German on both sides and has an overstamp that indicates the bill was valid only in Austria. Erna Appenzeller was a young girl living in Austria with her parents, when it was annexed by Germany on March 13, 1938. German authorities quickly created new legislation that restricted Jewish life. The school that Erna attended was shut down, members of the Jewish community were arrested, and her father’s business was taken and Arayanized. In August 1939, Erna’s family acquired visas and were able to go to Milan, Italy. On June 10, 1940, Italy entered World War II and the Nazis demanded that Italy intern or deport its Jewish refugees to Germany. Erna’s father received a travel visa to Panama which allowed him to get a visa for Spain and Portugal. The family went to Rome and flew to Barcelona, and then took a train to Lisbon arriving on November 3, 1940. On June 6, 1941, Erna and her family received American visas. On June 12 they boarded the SS Serpa Pinto bound for the United States and arrived in New York on June 22. Most members of Erna’s family were able to immigrate to Britain, France, Palestine and the United States, however several were deported and murdered in German occupied Poland.
has record set type: Item
type: RecordSet
has or had some members with language: ces
has or had some members with language: ron