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Newspaper; Vol. No. 8; 24 p. ; 34 cm. Large, official government gazette printed on tan newsprint as a folio with 12 leaves. The information on each page is printed in two columns: one French, and one Dutch. The Belgian coat of arms and the publication information are printed on the top front. back, bottom right, handwritten, pencil : } (a single bracket around 4 lines of text)
Norbert Orgler was born on December 11, 1899, in Cologne, Germany, to a Jewish couple, Abraham and Henriette Kirsch Orgler. He had five brothers, Leopold (b. 1894), Israel Jacob (b.1896), Sally (b.1898), Josef (b.1901), and the fifth and youngest brother, who died of pneumonia in 1932. Norbert owned a service shop in Cologne, and was married to a Catholic woman, Auguste Schwartz Orgler (b.1901.) Israel married Käthe, Leopold married Ettel Pollak, and Josef, a musician, married Dorthea Pauly. On June 24, 1929, Norbert and Auguste’s son, Siegfried, was born. On January 30, 1933, Hitler became Chancellor of Germany, and the Nazi regime passed legislation to disenfranchise the Jewish population. Norbert’s store was destroyed during the Kristallnacht pogrom of November 9-10, 1938. Three days later Norbert, Auguste, and Siegfried left Germany. They settled in Antwerp, Belgium, along with Leopold, Israel, Josef, and their families. Sally remained in Cologne. In September 1939, Germany invaded Poland, beginning World War II, and in May 1940, they invaded Belgium. The Belgian government considered all male German citizens enemy aliens, and required them to report to the authorities. Although Norbert and his brothers had been stripped of their citizenship in 1935, they were still required to report, and when they did so, they were arrested. On May 12, 1940, they were deported to Saint Cyprien internment camp in southern France. In June, France signed an armistice with Germany, and southern France fell under the control of the newly established collaborationist French government based out of Vichy. Many non-Jewish Germans were released from the camps. As Jews, Norbert, Israel, Josef, and Leopold remained at Saint Cyprien. Not long after Norbert had been deported, the authorities asked if Auguste wanted to divorce him for being Jewish, and when she refused they began to persecute her and Siegfried by restricting their rights, limiting access to resources, and treating them cruelly for choosing to associate with Jewish people. Disease broke out in Saint Cyprien, and the Orgler brothers were transported to Gurs internment camp, where Leopold escaped. In February 1941, Auguste and Siegfried were included in a larger group of Jewish people transported to the town of Kwaadmechelen in the province of Limburg. The authorities did not want the people in Antwerp, so they removed them and sent them out to perform forced labor. After March 9, Israel was transported to Rivesaltes internment camp. That summer, Auguste and Siegfried were sent back to Antwerp because the authorities were not entirely sure what to do with them in Limburg. They moved into a non-Jewish neighborhood, and Siegfried attended school while Auguste cleaned apartments to earn a little money. In April 1942, Norbert was sent to La Grand’Combe internment camp, where he worked as a forced laborer in a stone quarry. In May, Auguste and Siegfried refused to wear Star of David patches when ordered to do so. Norbert was later transported to Les Milles internment camp and then Drancy transit camp. On September 7, 1942, Norbert was deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau killing center in German-occupied Poland, on transport 29. He was deported to Bergen Belsen concentration camp in Germany, in early 1945, and perished there. When Germany surrendered on May 7, 1945, Norbert’s wife, Auguste, and son, Siegfried, were in Antwerp, as were Norbert’s sisters-in-law, Käthe and Dorthea. Käthe later discovered that in 1942, her husband, Israel, was sent to Drancy, and on November 6, he was deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau on transport 42 and is believed to have been murdered there. Dorthea learned that in 1944, her husband, Josef, was transported to Malines-Mechelen internment camp and Drancy, before being deported on July 31, to Auschwitz-Birkenau, on transport 77. He was later deported to Buchenwald concentration camp in Germany, and murdered before June 1945. Norbert’s brother, Sally, had made his way from Cologne to Leipzig, and on February 2, 1945, he was deported to Theresienstadt ghetto-labor camp in German controlled Czechoslovakia, on transport 129-XVI/5. After the war, he returned to Cologne. After escaping from Gurs, their brother Leopold managed to evade capture and survived the war. In January 1950, Norbert was legally declared dead by the Belgian court. In 1952, Norbert’s wife, Auguste, and his son, Siegfried, travelled to Rotterdam, Netherlands, where they boarded the SS Rijndam in October, arriving in New York City, New York on November 8. Travelling with them was Siegfried’s wife, Josephine. The family settled in New York. Auguste, aged 83, died in February 1985, in Westchester, New York. Siegfried later moved to Florida.
The newspaper was donated to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 2017 by Siegfried Orgler, the son of Norbert and Auguste Orgler.
overall: Height: 13.250 inches (33.655 cm) | Width: 9.500 inches (24.13 cm)
Edition of the Belgian Official Gazette from January 8, 1950, recording the legal declaration of death for Norbert Orgler, a Jewish German shop owner. Norbert, his wife Auguste, and son Siegfried fled Cologne, Germany, for Antwerp, Belgium, days after his store was destroyed during Kristallnacht in early November 1938. Three of Norbert’s brothers, Leopold, Israel Jacob, and Josef, also fled to Antwerp with their families. On May 10, 1940, Germany invaded Belgium, and Norbert and his brothers were considered enemy aliens and were arrested by Belgian authorities. They were deported to Saint Cyprien internment camp in southern France. Following the outbreak of a disease in camp, they were transferred to Gurs internment camp, where Leopold escaped. From April to September 1942, Norbert was transported to several internment and transit camps where he was a forced laborer. On September 7, 1942, Norbert was deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau killing center in German-occupied Poland. In early 1945, he was sent to Bergen-Belsen concentration camp in Germany where he perished. Auguste, who was not Jewish, refused to divorce Norbert, and in February 1941, she and Siegfried were included in a larger group of Jewish people transported to Kwaadmechelen in the province of Limburg. Many in this group performed forced labor, but the authorities were not sure what to do with Siegfried and Auguste, so after 6 months they were sent back to Antwerp. Norbert’s brothers, Leopold and Sally, survived the war. His brothers, Josef and Israel Jacob, were deported to several internment camps and killed.
Belgisch Staatsblad Belgian Official Gazette, January 8, 1950 Postwar Belgian gazette recording the death of a German Jewish concentration camp prisoner