us-005578-irn54256-irn54263
type: RecordSet
physical characterisitics and technical requirements: Circular, silver colored, possibly steel, coin, now black with tarnish, with a small, circular center hole and a raised rim. The front has an embossed design with the crown of St. Stephen above the center hole, the date below, and Hungarian text circling the rim. The reverse has an embossed design with an Arabic numeral 20 at the top center above the hole, a scroll on each side, and 2 Hungarian words along the bottom. The coin edge is plain.
conditions of access: No restrictions on access
conditions of use: No restrictions on use
has beginning date: 1941-01-01
has end date: 1941-12-31
has or had holder: us-005578
has or had identifier: 1
has or had some members with language: hun
has record set type: Item
history: Ladislav Glattstein (later Larry Gladstone) was born on September 26, 1922, in Vysna Kamenica, Czechoslovakia, (now Slovakia), the only son of Julius, born 1884, and Anna Blaugrund Glattstein. He was born in the same house where his great-grandfather was born in 1828. His father’s family was Jewish Orthodox and prosperous from forestry, livestock, and farming. Julius was an innkeeper and teacher, and a World War I veteran. His only brother left for America after that war. Anna had six brothers: Joe, b. 1884, and Herman, Max, Sigmund, David, b. 1903, and Maurice, b. 1907. One brother immigrated to El Paso, Texas, in 1903. The others joined him and they operated several retail furniture stores. Ladislav had two sisters: Edith, born November 11, 1924, and Klari, born in 1929. Around 1930, they moved from their small village where they were the only Jews, to Mukacevo (now Mukacheve, Ukraine), partly for its educational opportunities. Ladislav attended a Zionist oriented school, taught all in Hebrew. His main language was Slovak, but he was fluent in German and Hungarian. His father taught religion in the public schools where it was a required subject. In 1938, Ladislav’s grandparents, Ignatz (Isaac) and Hany (Chaya) Ungar Blaugrund, left for El Paso. Ladislav’s mother Anna died in 1938 after a long illness. In September 1938, Germany annexed the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia, and Hungary annexed the Supcarpathian Rus, which included Mukacevo. Hungary had anti-Jewish laws similar to the Nuremberg racial laws of its close ally, Nazi Germany. By 1940, when Ladislav graduated high school, Jews could not attend university and he began tutoring in Hebrew, Latin, and math. Jewish males were not accepted into the army, but many were conscripted into forced labor battalions, which were controlled by the army. In summer 1941, Hungary joined in the German invasion of the Soviet Union. By 1943, Ladislav was in a forced labor battalion, digging ditches for communication cables and r…
history: The coin was donated to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 2012 by Stuart Blaugrund, executor, and Cynthia Gladstone, the daughter of Larry Gladstone.
identifier: irn54263
is or was included in: us-005578-irn54256
record resource extent: overall: | Diameter: 0.875 inches (2.223 cm)
results or resulted from: 1
scope and content: Hungarian 20 filler coin dated 1941 acquired by Ladislav Glattstein presumably during the war. Ladislav, 18, and his family lived in Munkacs, Czechoslovakia (Mukacheve, Ukraine), which was annexed by Hungary in the fall of 1938. In 1942, Ladislav was conscripted into a Hungarian forced labor battalion. He was sent to Nagybana labor camp, and, in 1944, to the Ukraine and Balf labor camp. In January 1945, Ladislav was transported to Mauthausen concentration camp in Austria, and in March, via death march to Gunskirchen subcamp. The camp was liberated by the US Third Army on May 5, 1945. Ladislav's father Julius and his sisters, Edith and Klari, were deported to Auschwitz in May 1944; only Edith survived. Ladislav emigrated to El Paso, Texas, with the assistance of his maternal grandparents and uncles in June 1946.
title: Kingdom of Hungary 20 filler coin acquired by a Hungarian Jewish youth and former concentration camp inmate