us-005578-irn538362-irn621673
type: RecordSet
archival history: The political cartoon was donated to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 2018 by Sally Carter, the daughter of Albert E. Carter.
biographical history: Albert Edwin Carter (1909-1992) was born in Big Stone Gap, Virginia, to Reverend Joel Miles (1869-1947) and Mary Melissa Cass (1874-1958) Carter. Joel was born in Tennessee to William (1844-1901) and Mary (1842-1918) Carter and had one brother. Mary Melissa was born in Tennessee to William Marion (1834-1902) and Julia Ann Dorcas Douglass (1836-1879) Cass and had nine siblings and half-siblings. Joel became a Methodist clergyman, following in the footsteps of seven previous generations in his family. Albert had five older siblings: Carroll Douglass (1900-1955), Joseph (1903-?), Clyde Cass (1904-1985), William Eugene (1905-1972), and Mary Juliet (1907-1958). The family moved around southern Virginia for the first decade of Albert’s life. In the 1920s, they settled in Chattanooga, Tennessee. From 1929-1933, Albert attended the University of Chattanooga. By 1930, 20-year-old Albert was working as a cartoonist and reporter for the Chattanooga Times Free Press. In January 1933, Adolf Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany. Anti-Jewish decrees were soon passed that restricted every aspect of Jewish life and altered how many Germans interacted with Jewish community members. During the mid-1930s, Germany followed a revisionist policy aimed at overcoming the restrictions imposed by the Treaty of Versailles (1919). The nation withdrew from the League of Nations, reinstituted the draft, and openly rearmed and remilitarized the Rhineland. These changes prompted many foreign scholars, reporters, government officials, and foreign correspondents, among others, to pay closer attention to Germany. In many cases these individuals, or their representatives, made their way to Germany to document what was happening first hand. In early 1934, Albert was among these individuals that traveled through Germany, in his case, by bike. He documented his experiences throughout the trip. On November 15, 1934, Albert boarded the SS Quistconck on the Italy-controlled island of Susak (now Croatia…
physical characteristics and technical requirements: Black-and-white political cartoon, hand drawn in black ink on heavyweight, tan paper, depicting a portrait of Chiang Kai-shek from the neck up. He is centered on the page in left-facing profile and depicted with a smooth, bald head and a short, gently curved forehead. A thin eyebrow arches over a heavily shaded patch just above his half-lidded left eye, which has several short lines, or crow’s feet, and a scar extending from the outer corner. His small nose has a low profile, a straight bridge, and rounded tip that protrudes slightly over a thin, straight, black mustache along his upper lip. Several upper teeth are visible in his partially open mouth. His left ear, straight, slightly fleshy jaw, and small, rounded chin are contoured with many small lines. His neck is hidden beneath a low, stiff collar reminiscent of a military uniform. A partially illegible artist’s signature is visible just below the right end of the collar. Three lines of script identifying the man and the placement of the image in a newspaper are penciled beneath him. The artist has applied white correction fluid to a line below the ear. The edges of the paper are slightly irregular and there are pinholes in the upper corners. There are discolorations and stray pencil marks throughout. front, bottom center, below image, handwritten, pencil : chiang Kai-shek / 1 col. - line engraving / Sunday Foreign
conditions of access: No restrictions on access
conditions of use: No restrictions on use
has beginning date: 1936-01-01
has end date: 1943-12-31
has or had holder: us-005578
has or had identifier: 1
has or had some members with language: eng
has or had subject: 799
has record set type: Item
identifier: irn621673
is or was included in: us-005578-irn538362
record resource extent: overall: Height: 10.125 inches (25.718 cm) | Width: 6.000 inches (15.24 cm)
results or resulted from: 1
scope and content: Political cartoon depicting Chinese Chairman of the Military Affairs Commission Chiang Kai-shek, created by American journalist Albert E. Carter while he was the Sunday editor and foreign affairs columnist for the Chattanooga Times Free Press in Tennessee, from 1936-1943. He often punctuated his articles with cartoons depicting global news and international leaders. Albert, a college senior, was working as a reporter for the Chattanooga Times when Adolf Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in January 1933. During the mid-1930s, Germany followed a revisionist policy aimed at overcoming the restrictions imposed by the Treaty of Versailles (1919). These policy changes prompted foreign scholars, government officials, and reporters, like Albert, to make their way to Germany to document events. For much of 1934, Albert traveled around Germany by bike while recording his experiences. In 1936, Albert became the Sunday editor and foreign affairs columnist for the paper. Germany, Italy, the Soviet Union, and Japan frequently made international headlines in the second half of the 1930s, and all had leaders represented in Albert’s cartoons. Spurred by a growing interest in South America’s relationship to the US and events in Europe that led up to the war, Albert visited all the nations of South America as a reporter and researcher from 1940 into 1941. Albert returned to the US early in 1941, where he published “The Battle for South America” later that year. In 1943, Albert became a Foreign Service Officer serving in Central and South America for the U.S. State Department. In 1946, Albert married Dorothy Sharp Carter, an American school teacher, in Costa Rica. Dorothy and their four children accompanied Albert while he was posted at embassies throughout his career, including Uruguay, Panama, Paraguay, and Germany.
title: Political cartoon depicting Chiang Kai-shek created by an American journalist