us-005578-irn537029-irn538246
identifier: irn538246
record resource extent: overall: Height: 2.375 inches (6.033 cm) | Width: 2.000 inches (5.08 cm) | Depth: 2.875 inches (7.303 cm)
biographical history: The Katz Ehrenthal Collection is a collection of more than 900 objects depicting Jews and antisemitic and anti-Jewish propaganda from the medieval to the modern era, in Europe, Russia, and the United States. The collection was amassed by Peter Ehrenthal, a Romanian Holocaust survivor, to document the pervasive history of anti-Jewish hatred in Western art, politics and popular culture. It includes crude folk art as well as pieces created by Europe's finest craftsmen, prints and periodical illustrations, posters, paintings, decorative art, and toys and everyday household items decorated with depictions of stereotypical Jewish figures.
results or resulted from: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/units/us-005578-irn537029-irn538246/acquisitions/1
has or had holder: us-005578
date: approximately 1850-1899
title: Painted bronze figurine of a Sephardic Jewish money changer
has record set type: Item
physical characteristics and technical requirements: Cold painted, cast bronze figurine of a Sephardic Jewish money changer in a red turban and long gold robe counting coins. He is seated cross legged behind a low black table on a red and blue patterned carpet. He holds a coin in his right hand and reaches toward a small pile of coins on the table. His left hand grips a money pouch in his lap. He has short curled sidelocks, thick brows, narrow, hooded eyes, a large nose, parted fleshy lips, and a pointed beard.
is or was included in: us-005578-irn537029
archival history: The figurine was donated to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 2016 by the Katz Family.
has or had identifier: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/units/us-005578-irn537029-irn538246/alternateIDs/1
type: RecordSet
conditions of use: No restrictions on use
conditions of access: No restrictions on access
scope and content: Vienna bronze figurine of a Jewish money changer made in the 19th century. He is dressed in a thawb (robe) and a turban, which gives him the Middle Eastern appearance of a Sephardic Jew. Vienna bronzes are bronze sculptures made in a Viennese handcraft tradition that incorporates artistic finishes. The style began in Austria in approximately 1850. Sephardic Jews are the descendants of the 200,000 Jews who were expelled from Spain in 1492, during the Spanish Inquisition. Many Sephardi escaped to Turkey, where they were free to practice their religion and participate in commerce. Consequently, many depictions of Sephardi have exaggerated exotic, Eastern motifs. Many antisemitic depictions of Jews show them hoarding, counting, or handling money. These stereotypes originated from the economic and professional restrictions placed on early European Jews. They were barred from owning land, farming, joining trade guilds, and military service. These restrictions forced many Jews into occupations such as money changing (exchanging foreign coins or currency for those used locally). Additionally, medieval religious belief held that charging interest (known as usury) was sinful, and the Jews who occupied these professions were looked down upon, predominantly by European Christians. They were perceived as morally deficient and willing to engage in unethical business practices. The inability of Jews to legally hold other occupations, combined with Christians’ disdain for the professions Jews were allowed to practice, helped form the canard of the greedy Jew who exploited Gentiles. This canard was often visually depicted as a Jewish man expressing an exaggerated desire for, or counting money. The figurine is one of more than 900 items in the Katz Ehrenthal Collection of antisemitic artifacts and visual materials.