us-005578-irn521567-irn522317
type: RecordSet
archival history: The bank note was donated to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 1990 by Bella Jakubowicz Tovey.
biographical history: Bella Jakubowicz (later Tovey) was born in 1926 in Sosnowiec, Poland. She was the oldest of four children. Her father owned a knitting factory which the Germans confiscated after they invaded Poland in 1939. The family's furniture was given to an ethnic German woman. They were forced to move to the ghetto where Bella was a forced laborer in a factory. At the end of 1942, the family was sent to the ghetto in Będzin, Poland. In 1943, Bella was deported to Gräben a subcamp of Gross-Rosen concentration camp in Germany. In 1944, she was sent to Bergen-Belsen concentration camp. She was liberated in April 1945 by British forces. Bella emigrated to the United States in 1946.
physical characteristics and technical requirements: Nearly square offwhite paper currency with green and black ink. The face the denomination 5 within a scalloped embellishment in the center, with an encircled 5 on the right, on a repeating geometric patterned background. It has an overprint of the denomination Funf Pfennig. There is German text in a band across the bottom. The back has the denomination 5 in an elongated oval in the upper left and lower right corners on a latticework background with embellished geometric overprints. In the center is a 5 within a band with German text. The note is deeply creased with tears, soiled, and worn.
conditions of access: No restrictions on access
conditions of use: No restrictions on use
has beginning date: 1948-01-01
has end date: 1960-12-31
has or had holder: us-005578
has or had identifier: 1
has or had some members with language: deu
has record set type: Item
identifier: irn522317
is or was included in: us-005578-irn521567
record resource extent: overall: Height: 1.500 inches (3.81 cm) | Width: 2.250 inches (5.715 cm)
results or resulted from: 1
scope and content: West German funf (5) pfennig note acquired by Henry Tovey. The currency was issued beginning in 1948 for use in the newly created Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany). After Nazi Germany occupied Poland on September 1, 1939, Henry was confined to the ghetto on Łódź, renamed Litzmannstadt. The Germans closed the ghetto in summer 1944 by deporting the residents to concentration camps or killing centers. Henry later married Bella Jacubowicz, who was from Sosnowiec, Poland. Bella, her parents, and her three younger siblings were forced into the ghetto. At the end of 1942, the family was sent to the ghetto in Bedzin. In 1943, Bella was deported to Graben, a subcamp of Gross-Rosen concentration camp in Germany. In 1944, she was sent to Bergen-Belsen concentration camp. She was liberated in April 1945 by British forces. Bella emigrated to the United States in 1946.
title: Federal Republic of Germany bank note, 5 pfennig, acquired by a Polish Jewish survivor