us-005578-irn50040-irn141
scope and content: Ink drawing of five women near the barracks in Gurs internment camp, drawn by Lili Andrieux, a German Jewish internee. Lili created over 100 detailed drawings of people and daily life in the internment camps where she was held from May 1940 - September 1942 in France. Alençon was a collection center for transport to Camp de Gurs in Vichy, France. After surrendering to Nazi Germany in June 1940, France was divided into two zones: a German military occupation zone and Free France under the Vichy regime. Gurs, built in spring 1939 to hold refugees from Spain, became an internment center for Jewish refugees. Lili, originally from Berlin, moved to Paris in 1938. She was taken to Alençon in May 1940 and reached Gurs on June 4. From March 1941-September 1942, she was held in the Hotel Terminus in Marseilles waiting for a visa. Lili was then sent to Les Milles internment camp where she became ill with typhus. After recovering, she escaped with the help of the resistance, and lived in hiding until fall 1944, when the war ended in France. Lili was a translator for the US Army and US Graves Registration Command until immigrating to America in September 1946.
results or resulted from: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/units/us-005578-irn50040-irn141/acquisitions/1
title: Drawing of five women in front of barracks by a German Jewish internee
conditions of use: No restrictions on use
history: The drawing was acquired by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 1988.
record resource extent: overall: Height: 11.000 inches (27.94 cm) | Width: 14.000 inches (35.56 cm) pictorial area: Height: 6.125 inches (15.558 cm) | Width: 7.875 inches (20.003 cm)
has end date: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/dates/1940-12-31
physical characterisitics and technical requirements: Black ink sketch on cream-colored paper of five abstract figures around a small, square table with a bottle and abstract objects on top. At the end of the table, closest to the viewer, is the back of a figure in chair with their left elbow on the table. They are looking to the right at a faceless figure in left profile sitting on a backless bench. To the left of the table are two overlapping figures in right profile sitting on a backless bench. One figure is seated on the bench, sitting straight and looking towards another figure standing in the center background. The standing figure is in left profile, leaning to the right against a post with their left hand in a pocket. In the right background is the abstract sketch of an open barracks with six vertical posts, a crossbeam, and a roof with six diagonal posts. There is a light, diagonal cross-hatched design between the posts. At the far right is heavy, ink wash shading and a black-dotted design. Sketched on the far left side is abstract foliage. There are small holes in the top two corners with staining around them.
is or was included in: us-005578-irn50040
has beginning date: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/dates/1940-01-01
has or had holder: us-005578
history: Lili Andrieux (1914-1996) was born Lili Sophie Abraham in Berlin, Germany, to Hans (1880-1955) and Margarete (nee Landau, 1887-1963) Abraham. She had two brothers, Joachim (1912-1958) and Peter (1916-1988), and a sister, Gabriele (later Nanda, 1928-2014). The Abrahams were a wealthy, assimilated Jewish family, and Hans was a respected notary or lawyer . On January 30, 1933, Adolf Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany. Anti-Jewish decrees were passed that restricted every aspect of Jewish life. Despite this, that same year, Lili became the only Jewish woman admitted to the Hochschule fur Kunsterzeichnung (the State College for Art Education) in Berlin. Admittance to the school was based on portfolio work. In September 1935, the Nazis announced the Nuremberg Laws, which excluded Jews from citizenship and prohibited them from marrying or having relations with non-Jewish persons. This likely prompted Lili’s brother, Peter, to immigrate to England in 1936 and find work in leather tanning and shoe manufacturing. In the 1930s, the other members of her family also immigrated to England, where Margarete’s brother lived. Because of the laws, Lili was not permitted to take her final exams in 1937. In 1938, she went to Paris to continue her studies at the Ranson Academie and permanently adopted the French surname Andrieux. Britain and France declared war on Germany on September 3, 1939, two days after Germany invaded Poland. In November 1939, Lili’s brother, Peter, left England for Melbourne, Australia, and changed his name to Peter Landan. On May 7, 1940, Lili’s parents and her siblings, Joachim and Gabriele, sailed from England, to the United States. The family settled in Massachusetts, with the support of Hans Apel, a family friend from Berlin who had immigrated to the United States in 1937. Lili’s father obtained a research position at Harvard University, and Joachim worked as a gardener, farmer, and a stockman. German forces invaded France on May 10, 1940, and the fol…
has or had subject: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/vocabularies/ehri-camps/1980
has or had subject: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/vocabularies/ehri-camps/162
conditions of access: No restrictions on access
identifier: irn141
has record set type: Item
type: RecordSet
has or had identifier: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/units/us-005578-irn50040-irn141/alternateIDs/1