us-005578-irn49876-irn60746
type: RecordSet
has beginning date: 1936-01-01
has beginning date: 1921-01-01
has end date: 1997-12-31
has end date: 1945-12-31
has or had holder: us-005578
has or had identifier: 1
has or had some members with language: heb
has or had some members with language: eng
has or had some members with language: deu
has or had subject: 1138
has or had subject: 701
has record set type: Item
history: Isidore (later Edward) Gross was born on October 31, 1921, in Aachen, Germany, to Markus and Ida Reiter Gross. Markus was born on July 27, 1895, in Kalusz, Poland (Kalush, Ukraine), to Samuel and Esther Ehrlich Gross. Ida was born in approximately 1890 in Nowica, Poland, to Israel Isser Sculiezer and Esther Neuhauser Reiter. Markus left Kalusz in 1912 and married Ida in 1919. In 1920, they joined Ida’s brother Jacob and sister Celia in Aachen, Germany. Jacob Reiter and his wife Toni had moved to Aachen several years before and owned a shoe store as well as a large building in the town center. Celia and her husband Morris Hausman moved to Aachen in 1919 and opened a shoe store. Markus opened a shoe store in the neighboring town of Kohlshied. Markus and Isa had two more children in Aachen: Isidore’s younger sister Lena, was born on January 25, 1924, and a brother, Morris, was born in approximately 1932. The family attended synagogue regularly and Isidore attended a Jewish school. In January 1933, Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany. Jews were persecuted under the Nazi government almost immediately. Isidore’s Aunt Celia died in a hospital in 1933. The family believed she was killed by lethal injection because she was Jewish by a nurse with Nazi sympathies. Isidore was bar mitzvahed on September 22, 1934. He played soccer at the Maccabi sports club, a Jewish organization. In September 1935, the Nuremberg Laws, racial based anti-Jewish laws, were enacted. Celia’s husband Morris and four of their children left for Palestine in 1936. In November 1936, Isidore had to register with the Nazi regime. Shortly after Germany annexed Austria in March 1938, Poland passed a law to invalidate the passports of all Polish Jews who had not been in Poland for five years or more. In September 1938, Markus was arrested by the Gestapo and deported to Zbaszyn, a town in Poland near the German border, where he lived in a refugee camp. On October 26-28, 1938, the German government began…
history: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
identifier: irn60746
is or was included in: us-005578-irn49876
record resource extent: folders 22
record resource structure: The Isidor Gross papers are arranged as two series: • Series 1: Documents, 1921-1997 • Series 2: Photographs, 1922-1992 and undated
results or resulted from: 1
scope and content: The Isidor Gross papers consist of documents and photographs that concern the family, immigration, and United States Army service of German born Jewish man, Isidor Gross. After being arrested by the Gestapo in 1938, Isidor and his father Markus fled Aachen, Germany for the United States and successfully rescued his mother and two younger siblings from a holding camp. Included in this collection are several documents from Isidor’s childhood in Germany, among them, his birth certificate, school report card, and employment workbook. Also included are papers documenting Isidor’s naturalization as a United States citizen, his enlistment, assignments, coursework, and discharge from the US Army, and some material related to restitution claims. Photographs of the Gross family in Aachen and Brooklyn are also comprised in this collection. The Isidor Gross papers are comprised of documents and photographs pertaining to Isidor Gross, his family, immigration to the United States from Germany, and service in the United States Army. Included in this collection are several documents from Isidor’s childhood in Germany, among them, his birth certificate, school report card, and the employment book he received upon his forced introduction into the workforce in 1936 after he completed the 8th grade. Documentation of Isidor’s immigration and naturalization include a letter from the Committee for Aid for Jews in Germany confirming his progress in leaving the country, his passage information for the SS Bergenfjord, paperwork declaring intent to seek United States citizenship, affidavits of his employment, and his naturalization certificate from 1943. Also comprised in this collection is a letter Markus wrote to the Morning Journal, a daily Jewish newspaper, seeking job advice as a recent immigrant to the country, though the letter is signed “Isidor G.” These papers also document coursework in English composition and mechanics that Isidor took while enlisted with the United States Army. In…
title: Isidor Gross papers