us-005578-irn49830-irn12644
type: RecordSet
archival history: The drawing was donated to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 1998 by Manfred and Sylvia Wildmann.
biographical history: Manfred Wildmann (b.1930) was born in Karlsruhe, Germany, to Heinrich (1888-1943) and Rebecca (nee Neuburger, 1895-1942). At age six, Heinrich was sent by his mother to live with his aunt in Philippsburg after his father died. Later, he learned how to be a master printer from his cousin, who owned a printing shop. Rebecca was born to Moritz (1869-1954) and Nanette (née Holz, 1867-1940) Neuburger. Moritz served as the head of the small, assimilated Jewish community in Philippsburg, and was a teacher, cantor, and shochet [ritual slaughterer]. Heinrich fought for Germany during World War I. Heinrich and Rebecca had three other children: Margot (later Heller, 1922-2010), Hugo Max (1924-1944), and Hannelore (Laure or Lorle, later Laura Kolb, 1925-1999). Their family was among the 30 Jews who lived in Philippsburg, observed the Sabbath and holidays, and kept kosher. On January 30, 1933, Adolf Hitler was appointed chancellor of Germany, and authorities throughout Germany quickly began suppressing the rights of Jews and boycotting their businesses. Despite this, Manfred and his siblings continued to attend public school and played with their non-Jewish friends. They did not experience any antisemitism until the Kristallnacht pogrom on November 10, 1938. Early that morning, Manfred’s grandmother, Nanette, came to the house to announce that the synagogue and her house next door were on fire. The arsonists allowed only her to escape, leaving Moritz trapped inside. Heinrich rushed to the synagogue and rescued Moritz. On the way home, Heinrich was arrested and transported to Dachau concentration camp. Later, Moritz salvaged what was left of the burned Torah scrolls in order to bury them. Heinrich did not return home until the following month, on December 16. After the German invasion of northern and western France in May 1940, Rebecca’s brother, Sally (1902-1942), his wife, Vitalia (Vita, née Gluckmann, 1901-1942), and their daughter Miriam (1928-1942), were living in Grenade, i…
physical characteristics and technical requirements: Detailed pencil sketch of portions of four internment camp barracks on rectangular, mediumweight tan paper gridded with thin, faint black lines. At the center of the mid-ground is a wide, lightly sketched diagonal path with barrack buildings arranged along both sides. All of the buildings are long with side windows and tiled, low-pitched open gable roofs. The buildings are surrounded by open, lightly sketched space suggesting bare ground. On the left side of the path is the end of a single barrack, with two visible, barred windows. The top of a utility pole is visible just behind the roof, with one set of electrical lines running from the top off the frame and another set connecting to a utility pole on the other side of the path, next to the end of another building. On the right side of the path, the ends of two barracks with double doors are visible, one building behind the other. There are two vertical, rectangular, six-paned windows on the side of the front building, and three and a half barred windows on the back building. In the center of the background is a fourth barrack, with two barred windows to the left of a single door. Behind the building is a utility pole supporting wires, running in front of a low, distant hill. The artist’s signature is penciled in the lower right corner. There are several black ink stains on the upper left that bleed onto the back, and a brown stain on the lower right.
conditions of access: No restrictions on access
conditions of use: No restrictions on use
date: after 1941 March 11-before 1942 March
has or had holder: us-005578
has or had identifier: 1
has or had subject: 1981
has or had subject: 2
has or had subject: 0
has or had subject: 177
has or had subject: 1976
has or had subject: 1980
has record set type: Item
identifier: irn12644
is or was included in: us-005578-irn49830
record resource extent: overall: Height: 5.250 inches (13.335 cm) | Width: 8.250 inches (20.955 cm)
results or resulted from: 1
scope and content: Pencil sketch created by 10-or-11-year-old Manfred Wildmann, depicting Rivesaltes internment camp, while he was held there with his family between March 11, 1941 and February 1942. Before the Holocaust, Manfred lived in Philippsburg, Germany, with his parents, Heinrich and Rebecca, his siblings, Laure, Margot, and Hugo, and his maternal grandparents, Moritz and Nanette. On November 10, 1938, during the Kristallnacht pogrom, Heinrich was arrested and imprisoned in Dachau concentration camp for five weeks. On October 22, 1940, German authorities deported the Jews of Philippsburg, including the Wildmann family, to Gurs internment camp in unoccupied France, where Nanette died that December. In March 1941, Manfred’s family was transferred to Rivesaltes. Between November 1941 and April 1942, Rebecca secured placements for Laure, Manfred, and Margot in children’s homes run by relief organizations in unoccupied France. In the spring of 1942, Heinrich was transferred to a hospital in Perpignan, and Hugo was assigned to a work unit in Barcarés. During the late summer and fall of 1942, Hugo, Rebecca, her brother Sally, and his family were transported to Drancy transit camp and then deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau killing center in German-occupied Poland, where they were all eventually killed. Following his hospital stay, Heinrich was also deported to Birkenau, via Drancy, at the end of 1943. Allied forces liberated France in August 1944. Moritz managed to survive the war in Gurs, while Manfred, Laure, and Margot remained in France until they immigrated to the US in 1947.
title: Drawing of internment camp barracks created by a young German Jewish internee