us-005578-irn47278-irn61357
type: RecordSet
archival history: The drawing was donated to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 2012 by Krystyna Mew, the daughter of Edward (Herzbaum) Hartry.
biographical history: Edward Henryk Herzbaum (later Hartry) was born on October 6, 1920, in Vienna, Austria. He was the only son of a Jewish couple, Dr. Alexander and Fanny Hermelin Herzbaum. Alexander was a chemical engineer, born in Tarnow, Poland, in February 1886 to Mendel (1855-1930) and Chana Ettinger Herzbaum, who married in 1882. They also had a daughter Gisela (1884-1912.) Chana died in 1886. In 1888, Mendel married Beila Lea Ettinger (b. August 22, 1864). Mendel and Beila had two children: Jakob (1888-1966) and Herman. Edward's mother Fanny was born in Boryslaw, Poland, near Lvov on May 30, 1890, to Samuel (d. 1922) and Chaje Sara Backenroth Hermelin. Fanny had four siblings, Rifke (b. 1883), Cirl (b. 1888), Zacharje (1884-1925), and Abraham (1885-1886.) In 1928, Edward's family moved to Poland and settled in Zawiercie. Edward had asthma and wore glasses, as he was very shortsighted. In 1934, they moved to Łódź. Alexander, 51, died in July 1937 of cancer. Edward graduated from high school in May 1938, and deferred his military service to enroll at the Warsaw Polytechnic, Faculty of Architecture. He had completed two semesters when Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939. Edward joined the Polish Auxiliary Forces as a volunteer and was arrested by the Germans with other paramilitary youth a few days later. Edward escaped and returned to Łódź. The Soviet Union invaded and occupied eastern Poland. German occupying authorities in Łódź enacted oppressive anti-Jewish measures. At the urging of his mother, Edward, then 19, left Łódź on December 6, 1939, and went east to Lvov, which was under Soviet control. In Lvov, Edward lived with his maternal aunt and had an assortment of jobs, including office worker at a construction site, skiing instructor, and lifeguard at a swimming pool in a Soviet sports center. In June 1940, Edward was arrested by the NKVD (Soviet Security Police), tortured, and exiled to a gulag near Rybinsk on the Volga River. The prisoners logged and hauled trees in…
physical characteristics and technical requirements: Black ink drawing on watermarked offwhite paper with a dramatic, stylized image of a cascade of mountain with a donkey standing in the foreground. Its head is down as if looking at its black shadow, with a white-topped bundle on its back. Standing directly behind is a woman in a headscarf and boots in front of a small grove of leafy trees. To the left is a black rock and white, cascading water. The nearest mountain range is barren, gray and black, the more distant range is gray and covered with snow. Beyond this is ither a white clouf filed sky or an indistinct range of snow covered mountains against a gray background. It is signed in the lower right corner and there is a censor's stamp on the reverse. reverse, lower right corner, stamped, red ink : For Publication / FIELD Press Censor
conditions of access: No restrictions on access
conditions of use: Restrictions on use
date: 1942 February
has beginning date: 1944-01-01
has end date: 1944-12-31
has or had holder: us-005578
has or had identifier: 1
has or had some members with language: eng
has record set type: Item
identifier: irn61357
is or was included in: us-005578-irn47278
record resource extent: overall: Height: 9.000 inches (22.86 cm) | Width: 6.500 inches (16.51 cm)
results or resulted from: 1
scope and content: Black ink drawing of a donkey with a bundle of cotton and its driver created by 24 year old Edward Herzbaumn in Italy around 1944 for a Polish soldiers' magazine,"Uwaga Nadchodzi!" It is based upon his experiences in Kyrgyzstan around February 1942. He arrived there shortly after his release from a Soviet labor camp and his voluntary enlistment in the Polish Armed Forces of the East, later the 2nd Polish Corps. Edward, 19, left Łódź, Poland, shortly after Nazi Germany occupied the country in September 1939 to stay with family in Soviet controlled Lvov. In June 1940, Edward was arrested by Soviet security police and exiled to a forced labor camp. Germany invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941. Edward was released as part of an amnesty granted to Polish prisoners. He headed south to join the Polish Army of the East, know as Anders Army, a newly formed volunteer unit commanded by General Anders. In August 1942, the unit left Soviet territory and became the 2nd Polish Corps in the British Army. In February 1944, they deployed to join the 8th British Army in the Italian Campaign. They fought their way north and were honered for their bravery in the May 1944 Battle of Monte Cassino. They were in Italy in May 1945 when the war ended. Edward learned that his mother had died in the Łódź Ghetto in 1943. He resumed the study of architecture in Rome until the British decided to allow Polish Corps veterans to immigrate to England in October 1946. He then served in the Polish Resettlement Corps for two years.
title: Drawing of a donkey with pack and guide in the mountains created by a Jewish soldier, 2nd Polish Corps