us-005578-irn36091-irn78832
conditions of use: No restrictions on use
physical characterisitics and technical requirements: Child's charcoal portrait drawing on offwhite paper with a portrait of a pretty, young girl with shoulder length, wavy dark hair with a large bow on the top of her head. The eyes are drawn with assurance and are detailed with gradient irises and individual eyelashes. There are 2 small pieces of tape on the reverse.
history: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum The drawing was donated to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 2009 by Alona Frankel.
has record set type: Item
has or had holder: us-005578
has or had identifier: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/units/us-005578-irn36091-irn78832/alternateIDs/1
is or was included in: us-005578-irn36091
type: RecordSet
results or resulted from: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/units/us-005578-irn36091-irn78832/acquisitions/1
conditions of access: No restrictions on access
identifier: irn78832
title: Charcoal portrait of a young girl created by a hidden child
scope and content: Charcoal portrait of a young girl with a big bow in her dark hair created by Ilona Goldman. During the war, Ilona lived in hiding in Poland from 1942-1944. She made many drawings during this time, especially when, in spring 1942 at age four, she was separated from her parents and placed with the Polish peasant family of Hania Seremet, who agreed to hide her for a fee. These drawings were the only way for the talkative child, not yet able to write, to communicate with her parents. After Nazi Germany invaded Poland in September 1939, Ilona with her parents, Salomon and Gusta, fled Krakow for Soviet controlled Lvov (Lviv, Ukraine). When Germany invaded the Soviet Union in 1941, the family was forced into the Jewish ghetto where Salomon worked as an accountant at a meat rendering factory owned by the Wehrmacht. In spring 1942, fearing the liquidation of the ghetto, Salomon arranged a hiding place for them outside the ghetto with a former employee, Jozef Jozak. However, he would not hide Ilona because it would be too hard to conceal a lively young girl. Ilona was smuggled to the countryside and placed in hiding as a Christian child with the Seremets. After 6 months, Salomon could no longer pay for her care, so Ilona was brought back to live in their hiding place, without the knowledge of the Jozak family. Ilona had to stay most of this time locked in a closet with only her drawings and the medical textbooks left by a previous tenant. The family lived in hiding until the Soviet Army liberated the city in July 1944. When the war ended in May 1945, they returned to Krakow.
history: Ilona (Alona) Goldman (later Frankel) was born on June 27, 1937, to Gusta and Salomon Goldman in Krakow, Poland. Salomon was born in 1901 in Bochnia and had two brothers. Gusta was born in 1904 in Oswieczim and had five brothers and sisters. Both her parents were communists, an association that was illegal at the time. Salomon and Gusta married in 1936 and live in a lavish villa Salomon had built in Bochnia. He ran a successful construction supply business and the family lived comfortably, with servants and a nanny. In September 1939, Nazi Germany invaded Poland. The family fled to Lwow (Lviv, Ukraine) in the Russian-occupied section of eastern Poland. Her father worked as the chief accountant in a tannery/slaughterhouse factory. In June 1941, Germany invaded the Soviet Union. The Jews in Lwow were forced into the ghetto. The factory where her father worked came under the control of the SS, but he retained his job. The manager, Herr Knaup, designated Salomon an essential employee which offered some protection from deportation. He also allowed the family to live in an alcove attached to the factory. Salomon would hide leftover blood and entrails from the slaughterhouse for the other Jewish workers. They would drink the coagulated blood right away and wrap the entrails around their bodies under their clothes to smuggle back into the ghetto. At some point, the Goldmans had to move into the ghetto. During one round-up, Gusta and Ilona were placed on a transport for the camps, but someone told Salomon and the boss from the factory, Bulani, came and got them released. In March 1942, the Germans began deporting Jews from the ghetto to Belzec extermination camp. At some point, Salomon was arrested and taken to Janowska camp. He was tortured for two days, and then released. Salomon constructed a hiding place in their room that you reached by crawling through the stove. There was an aktion to clear the ghetto of children and when Gusta found Ilona, they hid there with several…
record resource extent: overall: Height: 11.750 inches (29.845 cm) | Width: 8.250 inches (20.955 cm)