us-005578-irn36091-irn78829
type: RecordSet
record resource extent: overall: Height: 4.875 inches (12.383 cm) | Width: 6.750 inches (17.145 cm)
conditions of access: No restrictions on access
has record set type: Item
has or had identifier: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/units/us-005578-irn36091-irn78829/alternateIDs/1
physical characterisitics and technical requirements: Watercolor and colored pencil drawing on light brown cardstock depicting a woman with long, curly black hair dressed in a green flowing gown with purple trim at the neckline and a large orange flounce with blue flowers at each hip. Her eyes look down, and she wears a gold pendant, black lace elbow length gloves, and holds a red fan in her left hand. The left side of the paper is unevenly cut. front, blue paint : TO JEST ILONA [This is Ilona]
has or had holder: us-005578
title: This is Ilona Watercolor of a black haired young woman in a ball gown created by a hidden child
history: Ilona (Alona) Goldman (later Frankel) was born on June 27, 1937, to Gusta and Salomon Goldman in Krakow, Poland. Salomon was born in 1901 in Bochnia and had two brothers. Gusta was born in 1904 in Oswieczim and had five brothers and sisters. Both her parents were communists, an association that was illegal at the time. Salomon and Gusta married in 1936 and live in a lavish villa Salomon had built in Bochnia. He ran a successful construction supply business and the family lived comfortably, with servants and a nanny. In September 1939, Nazi Germany invaded Poland. The family fled to Lwow (Lviv, Ukraine) in the Russian-occupied section of eastern Poland. Her father worked as the chief accountant in a tannery/slaughterhouse factory. In June 1941, Germany invaded the Soviet Union. The Jews in Lwow were forced into the ghetto. The factory where her father worked came under the control of the SS, but he retained his job. The manager, Herr Knaup, designated Salomon an essential employee which offered some protection from deportation. He also allowed the family to live in an alcove attached to the factory. Salomon would hide leftover blood and entrails from the slaughterhouse for the other Jewish workers. They would drink the coagulated blood right away and wrap the entrails around their bodies under their clothes to smuggle back into the ghetto. At some point, the Goldmans had to move into the ghetto. During one round-up, Gusta and Ilona were placed on a transport for the camps, but someone told Salomon and the boss from the factory, Bulani, came and got them released. In March 1942, the Germans began deporting Jews from the ghetto to Belzec extermination camp. At some point, Salomon was arrested and taken to Janowska camp. He was tortured for two days, and then released. Salomon constructed a hiding place in their room that you reached by crawling through the stove. There was an aktion to clear the ghetto of children and when Gusta found Ilona, they hid there with several…
history: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum The drawing was donated to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 2009 by Alona Frankel.
scope and content: Watercolor of a dark haired woman in a beautiful green gown created by or for 12 year old Ilona Goldman in 1949. During the war, Ilona lived in hiding in Poland from 1942-1944. She made many drawings during this time, especially when, in spring 1942 at age four, she was separated from her parents and placed with the Polish peasant family of Hania Seremet, who agreed to hide her for a fee. These drawings were the only way for the talkative child, not yet able to write, to communicate with her parents. After Nazi Germany invaded Poland in September 1939, Ilona with her parents, Salomon and Gusta, fled Krakow for Soviet controlled Lvov (Lviv, Ukraine). When Germany invaded the Soviet Union in 1941, the family was forced into the Jewish ghetto where Salomon worked as an accountant at a meat rendering factory owned by the Wehrmacht. In spring 1942, fearing the liquidation of the ghetto, Salomon arranged a hiding place for them outside the ghetto with a former employee, Jozef Jozak. However, he would not hide Ilona because it would be too hard to conceal a lively young girl. Ilona was smuggled to the countryside and placed in hiding as a Christian child with the Seremets. After 6 months, Salomon could no longer pay for her care, so Ilona was brought back to live in their hiding place, without the knowledge of the Jozak family. Ilona had to stay most of this time locked in a closet with only her drawings and the medical textbooks left by a previous tenant. The family lived in hiding until the Soviet Army liberated the city in July 1944. When the war ended in May 1945, they returned to Krakow.
results or resulted from: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/units/us-005578-irn36091-irn78829/acquisitions/1
conditions of use: No restrictions on use
has or had some members with language: pol
identifier: irn78829
is or was included in: us-005578-irn36091
date: approximately 1947