us-005578-irn35844-irn37543
has record set type: Item
scope and content: Hair clip sent to Charlotte Landesmann Hirsch by her 16 year old sister, Roszi, shortly before Roszi and other family members were executed by German or Hungarian police soon after the German occupation of Hungary in spring 1944. Roszi. her parents, two sisters-in-law, and one niece were given refuge by the Swedish consulate in Budapest where her brother, Jancsi, was employed. German soldiers took them from the safe house where they were staying, shot them along the banks of the Danube River, and threw their bodies into the water. Jancsi escaped the execution with their brother Tibor’s young daughter. Charlotte was in a labor camp or living in hiding with her seven-year-old daughter during the German occupation.
title: Yellow and brown plastic hair clip owned by a young girl in German occupied Budapest
is or was included in: us-005578-irn35844
has or had identifier: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/units/us-005578-irn35844-irn37543/alternateIDs/1
identifier: irn37543
type: RecordSet
has end date: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/dates/1944-12-31
record resource extent: a: Height: 0.750 inches (1.905 cm) | Width: 2.000 inches (5.08 cm) | Depth: 0.500 inches (1.27 cm) b: Height: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm) | Width: 1.880 inches (4.775 cm) | Depth: 0.250 inches (0.635 cm)
has beginning date: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/dates/1940-01-01
archival history: The hair clip was donated to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 2008 by Charlotte Drucker, the sister of Roszi Landesmann.
has or had holder: us-005578
physical characteristics and technical requirements: a. Oblong, curved, yellow, translucent plastic base section of a hair clip. Inserted through one end is a metal wire with exposed, bent end sections; this end is slightly narrower and the plastic separates in the center. It has become detached from (b). b. Zigzag-shaped, brown, plastic top section of a hair clip. Attached to one end is a small metal cap with 2 holes to clip to the metal fastener on (a). There are remnants of adhesive on 1 end where the 2 sections were attached.
has beginning date: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/dates/1944-01-01
results or resulted from: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/units/us-005578-irn35844-irn37543/acquisitions/1
conditions of use: No restrictions on use
conditions of access: No restrictions on access
biographical history: Charlotte (Sari) Landesmann was born on May 30, 1910, in Budapest, Hungary, to Abraham and Margot Landesmann. Charlotte had four brothers, Imre, Tibor, Jancsi, and one, name unknown, and two sisters, Ilona, born 1925, and Roszi, born 1927. When Charlotte was nineteen, she ran her own dress shop where she designed the dresses and had employees sew them. She married Louis (Lajos) Hirsch and had a daughter, Marta, in 1937. Louis opened a feather factory that year where they both worked. On March 19, 1944, German forces occupied Hungary. Within a week, German soldiers came and took Louis from their apartment. A few days later, Charlotte and Marta were evicted and made to move into segregated Jewish housing in Rakosfalva. All women under sixty years of age were ordered to report to a labor camp within three days. Charlotte heard of a Swedish agency that could protect children and she went there with Marta. But after waiting in line for several hours, she changed her mind. It was now after the curfew set for Jews and Charlotte was confronted by a German soldier demanding identification. She produced the Schutzpass [protective pass] from the Swedish consulate provided by her brother, Jancsi, an employee of the consulate. The soldier ripped it up and put her into custody with a group of other Jews, some of whom were being beaten by the German guards. Her daughter began crying and begged one of the soldiers not to hurt her mother. The soldier took Marta by the hand, gestured for Charlotte to come over, and released them; he was an acquaintance of her husband. Afraid to be on the streets, Charlotte went to a nearby building where a non-Jewish acquaintance lived. She asked for help and they hid them in the basement for a few days. Charlotte then decided to put Marta into hiding with one of her non-Jewish teachers and reported to the labor camp. Charlotte was sent to a camp on Turany island in the the Danube River near Budapest. She worked digging tank traps and graves and slep…