us-005578-irn35452-irn38342
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type: RecordSet
is or was included in: us-005578-irn35452
has or had some members with language: deu
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results or resulted from: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/units/us-005578-irn35452-irn38342/acquisitions/1
has or had identifier: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/units/us-005578-irn35452-irn38342/alternateIDs/1
biographical history: Hannelore (Hannah) Kronheim was born in Dusseldorf, Germany, on July 3, 1922, to Alfred and Ella Paula (born 1896) Kronheim. When she was two, the family moved to Bochum. Her father died in 1929 during the influenza epidemic. In 1933, Hitler became Chancellor and established the Nazi dictatorship in Germany. Laws and policies were enacted to disenfranchise and persecute Jews. In 1936, Hannah and her mother were evicted from their home. Hannah had friends tell her that they could no longer associate with her. One night during the November 8-9, 1938, Kristallnacht pogrom, Hannah awoke because the bed was shaking and the room was filled with light. The light was from the burning of the synagogue located behind their home that had been set on fire by anti-Jewish vandals. They were also smashing windows of nearby Jewish owned businesses. Their home was not vandalized, possibly because all the inhabitants were women. The next day they watched as all the Jewish males were rounded up and taken to concentration camps and prisons. Hannah’s mother decided to send Hannah away to keep her safe. Hannah’s great aunt had a cousin in charge of kindertransports to London and Hannah was put on the list of children to leave Germany. She departed from Cologne on February 2, 1939. Hannah, at 18, was the eldest child on the transport. The group’s leader was a young bachelor, so Hannah was the one who took care of all of the children, including 10 children under the age of 1. They arrived in Hoek, Holland, where Hannah was detained and strip-searched. They traveled by ferry to Harwich, England, on February 3, 1939. Upon landing, they were taken to a large hall where, per advance arrangements, all the children were met by relatives or foster homes. Several children clung to Hannah and the leave taking was traumatic for her. She had been added to the list by the Committee and only minimal arrangements had been made for her. As she wrote later: “In the end I stood alone and waited until someo…
has or had holder: us-005578
has or had some members with language: heb
has record set type: Item
physical characteristics and technical requirements: Book; Hebrew and German.
identifier: irn38342
archival history: The prayer book was donated to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 2006 by Hannah Kronheim Deutch.
title: Prayer book
scope and content: Jewish prayer book owned by Hannah Kronheim, 17, who left Germany in 1939 on the Kinderstransport [Children's Transport]. She left soon after Kristallnacht, November 9 and 10, 1938, when the synagogue behind her home in Bochum was set on fire. She arrived in Harwich, England, on February 3, 1939. Hannah was older than most of the children, and no placement arrangements were made for her. She was housed in a boarding house, then a hostel until November 1940 when she was sent to Port Erin internment camp on the Isle of Man. Her mother, Ella Kronheim Mayer, left for Chile on August 25, 1939, with her second husband, Otto. In October 1941, Hannah enlisted as a nurse in the British Army Auxiliary Territorial Service. She served in different Army camps from December 1941-October 1944, but was mostly in London and was bombed out during the Blitz. She married Daniel Deutch, a Canadian soldier, in November 1943 and emigrated to Canada in November 1944. Most of Hannah's family members were killed during the Holocaust.