us-005578-irn3513
physical characteristics and technical requirements: Large rubble pile consisting of red brick and light gray and cream-colored mortar or cement. Some of the bricks are complete, though most are broken into irregular shapes and sizes, and have varying amounts of mortar or cement adhered to them. Some of the bricks have impressed markings, and others are burned. Mixed into the rubble are a variety of broken, everyday artifacts, including brown glazed ceramic pipe fragments and corroded metal can fragments, tools, and a variety of personal items.
has record set type: Item
results or resulted from: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/units/us-005578-irn3513/acquisitions/1
archival history: The brick rubble was donated to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 1990 by the Warsaw City Authority.
has or had some members with language: pol
date: after 1945 May-circa 1990, 1940 October-1943 May
scope and content: Brick rubble from the ruins of the Warsaw Ghetto. The rubble was excavated from the site of what is now the Monument to the Ghetto Heroes, located among the ruins of the former Crown Artillery Barracks. The Barracks housed the ghetto post office, and at one point was the seat of the Judenrat. The monument was commemorated on April 19, 1948, and was the second monument, following a modest memorial unveiled in April 1946. On October 12, 1940, German authorities in Warsaw decreed the establishment of a 1.3-square-mile Jewish ghetto and forced over 400,000 Jews from the city and nearby towns to relocate there. Between July 22 and September 12, 1942, approximately 265,000 Jews were deported from Warsaw to Treblinka killing center, and another 35,000 were killed inside the ghetto. On April 19, 1943, Jewish resistance groups within the ghetto fought back against the scheduled liquidation, using hundreds of constructed bunkers around the ghetto. The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising lasted a month before the German military suppressed the resistance, razed the ghetto, and transported the remaining inhabitants to forced-labor camps and killing centers. On July 19, 1943, the SS established Warsaw (Warschau in German) concentration camp on the ruins of the former ghetto, which camp prisoners were assigned to demolish and clean up. The impending arrival of Soviet forces led to the camp’s closure in July 1944. A second uprising erupted in Warsaw in August 1, 1944, and was defeated by German forces on October 2. The Soviet army liberated the city on January 17, 1945.
has or had holder: us-005578
record resource extent: overall: Height: 15.000 inches (38.1 cm) | Width: 209.500 inches (532.13 cm) | Depth: 44.000 inches (111.76 cm)
identifier: irn3513
has or had identifier: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/units/us-005578-irn3513/alternateIDs/1
has or had subject: http://lod.ehri-project-test.eu/vocabularies/ehri-ghettos/1106
type: RecordSet
title: Brick rubble recovered from the Warsaw Ghetto
conditions of access: No restrictions on access