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a ehri:RecordSet ;
ehri:biographicalHistory "The five Frieder brothers from Cincinnati, Ohio (Philip, Henry, Alex, Morris, and Herbert) made their fortune in cigars, which they manufactured in the Philippines. The brothers took turns managing the cigar production. Every two years, one of the brothers (excluding Henry) and his family would relocate to their home at 44 Brixton Hill, Santa Mesa, Manila. The Frieder brothers were passionate poker players and often played with influential individuals, such as President Manuel L. Quezon, the US High Commissioner Paul V. McNutt, and Army Colonel Dwight D. Eisenhower. In the late 1930s, together, they devised a way to provide refuge in the Philippines to German and Austrian Jews. President Quezon stipulated that those who came not be a burden on the Philippine economy, so the tiny Jewish community in Manila accepted that responsibility. While McNutt pressured the US State Department to keep Philippine borders open to refugees, the Frieder brothers (working with the Joint Distribution Committee) arranged transportation and visas for European Jews who possessed skills in fourteen occupations, one being cigar manufacturing. President Quezon provided a temporary home for the refugees where they could live and grow their own food on the land he was developing for his son. The haven was named Mariquina Hall. Between 1937 and 1941, the Frieder brothers, McNutt, Quezon, and Eisenhower aided in the rescue of over 1,300 Jews. In December 1941, the Japanese invaded the Philippines. All Frieder brothers had returned to the US a month earlier in anticipation of the invasion. Between December 1941 and September 1945, Manila was under Japanese occupation. Ironically, during that time, unlike all other internationals who were interned in a make-shift prison in Santo Tomas University, the Jewish refugees were considered Germans - therefore allies of Japan - and not imprisoned. A few refugees were killed in the crossfire between US and Japanese armies as the battle for Manila ended. Birthdates: Alex Frieder - December 2, 1893 Corinne Rosenberg Frieder - March 11, 1893 Edna Frieder Lichtig - August 7, 1918 Louise Frieder - June 12, 1922 Alice Frieder Weston - July 1, 1926"@en ;
rico:date "Spring 1936" ;
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rico:identifier "irn1004717" ;
rico:note "Original metal film box labeled this reel as\"1936 Trip Home Thru Europ\""@en , "Some time-stamped identifications provided by Edie Behr via CoSe feedback form 11/15/2021"@en ;
rico:scopeAndContent "On the beach in the Philippines in Spring 1936. Sisters Edna and Louise Frieder play with local children and pass out candies. Younger sister Alice rides a horse. 01:04:52 Dark INT shots of people on a boat, then outdoors on deck where they (likely Frieder family relatives and Jewish refugees from Germany and Austria) wave and blow kisses to the camera. 01:05:45 CUs, guests on a ship. 01:05:47:11 - Corinne Rosenberg Frieder 01:05:49:12 - Louise Frieder 01:05:54 - Edna Frieder 01:05:56 The Frieders play with and feed monkeys in Ceylon. 01:06:29 CUs as friends and members of the Frieder family walk down the stairs of the family home in Manila. 01:06:30 Friends converse in front of an automobile and wave. 01:06:32 - Edna and Louise Frieder 01:06:35:06 - Alice Frieder 01:06:39 - Corinne Rosenberg Frieder"@en ;
rico:title "Frieder family with locals, greeting a boat, and preparing to depart Manila in 1936"@en .